Description
Mikacin® Injection is manufactured by Aristo Pharma. The active ingredient comprised in the Mikacin® Injection is Amikacin, which belongs to group of antibiotics called Aminoglycosides.
Indications:
- respiratory tract infections (pneumonia, bronchopneumonia and acute bronchitis);
- infections of bones and joints;
- central nervous system (CNS) infections (meningitis, septicemia);
- skin and skin structure (burns);
- intra-abdominal (peritonitis );
- burns and postoperative infections;
- complicated and recurrent urinary tract infections (UTIs) or uncomplicated UTIs not susceptible to other antibiotics (pyelonephritis and cystitis).
Mikacin® Injection is not used to treat viral conditions like flu or cold or fungal infections.
MOA (mechanism of action):
Amikacin is a semisynthetic, bactericidal antibiotic, that works by inhibiting the synthesis of proteins within a bacterial organism. Amikacin, thereby, damages bacteria cells and clears up an infection from the human body. Amikacin is effective against gram-negative organisms (Pseudomonas species, Proteus species (indole-positive and indole negative), Klebsiella pneumoniae, Enterobacter cloacae, Serratia species, Providencia stuartii, Citrobacter freundii, Escherichia coli); gram-positive organisms (Staphylococcus species).
Dosage
Mikacin® Injection is recommended for intravenous (IV) use. Can also be used intramuscularly (IM).
Use for injection a prepared solution in the vial.
Adults and children older 12 years
The recommended IM or IV dosage: 15 mg/kg/day which may be administered as a single daily dose or divided into 2 equal doses i.e. 7,5 mg/kg every 12 hours. The total daily dose 1,5 g.
Children between 4 weeks – 12 years
The recommended IM or IV dosage: 15-20 mg/kg/day which may be administered as 15-20 mg/kg, once a day; or as 7,5 mg/kg every 12 hours.
Neonates
Initial dose of 10 mg/kg, followed by 7,5 mg/kg every 12 hours.
Premature infants
The recommended dose: 7,5 mg/kg in every 12 hours.
Consult your doctor prior using Mikacin® Injection in premature and neonatal infants.
Where to give intramuscular (IM) injection
Wash your hands and sanitize the patch of skin over the muscle where the injection will take place with an alcohol swab prior to performing the injection.
1. Thigh. Divide your thigh into 3 equal parts. A third in the middle will be right for injection. This area is good for kids under 3 years of age.
2. Hip. Place the palm of your hand on the upper, outer part of the thigh, where the buttocks meet. Point your thumb at the groin and fingers toward the patient's head. Make a V with fingers, whilst separating the first finger from the other three. With the tips of little and ring fingers, you will feel the edge of a bone. The area to give the injection is in the middle of the V. The hip best suits for adults and children older than 7 months.
3. Upper arm muscle. The upper arm should be completely exposed. The injection is given in the middle of an upside down triangle. The bone going across the top of the upper arm is a part of the scapula, called acromion process. The bottom of it forms the base of the triangle. The point of the triangle is below the center of the base nearly the armpit. The suitable area to give an injection is in the middle of the triangle, 2,5 to 5,1 cm below the acromion process. The hip should not be used if the person is very thin or the muscle is too small.
4. Buttocks. Expose one side of the buttocks. Draw a line from the top of the crack between the buttocks to the side of the body with an alcohol wipe. Find the middle of that line and go up 7,6 cm. From this point, draw another line down and across the first line, ending about halfway down the buttock. You should have drawn a cross. There will be a curved bone in the upper outer square. The injection will be given into the upper outer square below the curved bone. Do not use this area for injections in infants or children under 3 years of age.
How to give intramuscular (IM) injection
1. Place the syringe between your thumb and first finger. Let the syringe lean on your second finger.
2. With your free hand, gently press on and pull the skin so that it is tight a little bit.
3. Hold the syringe tightly and use your wrist to inject the needle into the skin and into the muscle at an angle 90 degrees.
4. Stop holding the skin with your other hand. Keep the syringe pointed straight in. Aspirate a little to make sure you did not hit a blood vessel. If blood comes, remove the needle immediately. Do not inject the medication. Dispose of both the syringe and the medicine. Get more medication in a new syringe. When you give the second injection, give it on the other side.
5. Insert the medication by pushing on the plunger. Inject the medication slowly to reduce the pain.
6. Remove needle swiftly. Press sterile cotton wool onto the opening. Secure with adhesive tape.
7. Dispose of syringe safely; wash your hands.
How to give intravenous (IV)
Material for injection: syringe with the drug (without air), needle (long and medium thickness; on syringe), liquid disinfectant, cotton wool, adhesive tape, tourniquet.
1. Wash your hands and expose the arm completely.
2. Apply tourniquet and look for a suitable vein.
3. Wait for the vein to swell.
4. Sanitize skin with an alcohol cotton wool (using liquid disinfectant).
5. Stabilize the vein by pulling the skin taut in the longitudinal direction of the vein. Do this with the hand you are not going to use for injecting.
6. Insert the needle at an angle of about 35 degrees.
7. Penetrate into the skin and push the needle slightly into the vein (3-5 mm).
8. Hold the syringe and needle firmly.
9. Aspirate. If blood appears hold the syringe steady, you are in the vein. If blood doesn't come, try again.
10. If you are in the vein, loosen tourniquet and inject very slowly.
12. Remove needle swiftly. Press sterile cotton wool onto the opening. Secure with adhesive tape.
13. Dispose of syringe safely; wash your hands.
Missing a dose
If you miss a dose you should take it as soon as you remember about your missing. If it is the time for the next dose you should continue your regular dosing schedule. Do not take a double dose of Mikacin® Injection to compensate the missed dose.
Overdose
If an overdose occurs and you are not feeling well, stop taking the medication immediately. You should seek emergency medical attention or contact your healthcare provider immediately.
Storage
Store at a cool temperature, away from excess moisture and heat. Avoid freezing of the reconstituted solution. Throw away any unused medicine after the expiration date. Keep out of the reach of children.
